What is Colon Cancer?

Colon and rectum are the two important organs of the digestive system. They are the organs of the large intestine and are located in the abdomen between the small intestine and the anus. These two organs are closely related hence the cancer of both the organs is often discussed together, thus, the name colorectal cancer.

Tumors in these organs rise in the inner walls of the large intestine. When the tumor is in benign stage it is known as polyp. They do not invade the surrounding area or body parts. Such benign tumors can be removed by colonoscopy.

But if the benign tumors are not removed in their initial stages, then they can become malevolent and cancerous. It has been observed that most of the cancer of the large intestine are in the form of polyp in their initial stages. Statistics show that it is the 2nd commonest cancer in the US. Evidences reveal that high fat diet and lack of vegetables, fibers and fruits lead to this condition. Smoking is another cause of colon cancer. With the history of cancer of colon, reproductive organ etc the chances of cancer becomes more.

People above age group of 50 are more vulnerable to this kind of cancer. It is observed that among males it is the 3rd leading cause while among the female it is the 4th leading cause of cancer. The frequency all over the globe varies. But it’s observed that people following western diets are more prone to it.

It has been found that mutations of gene MSH2 and MLH1 can incline a person with colorectal cancer. This is known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer or HNPCC. Such HNPCC families can get blood test and can detect whether they also have been affected with same gene or not. The tests will reveal the exact condition and if the person is affected with then gene then can take appropriate treatment course.